Study with quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like 1st battle of the marne, 2nd battle of ypres, somme and more. [80][81][82] The Royal British Legion with the British Embassy in Paris and the Commonwealth War Graves Commission, commemorate the battle on 1 July each year, at the Thiepval Memorial to the Missing of the Somme. More people die on the wire enemies like fish caught in the net. Most of the British casualties were suffered on the front between the AlbertBapaume road and Gommecourt to the north, which was the area where the principal German defensive effort (Schwerpunkt) was made. The battle of the somme graphic organizer. The British would mount a hasty relief offensive and suffer similar losses. On the Somme the daily carry during attacks on a 12mi (19km) front was 20,000 long tons (20,000t) and a few wood roads and rail lines were inadequate for the number of lorries and roads. Doc A Doc B Doc C. Who wrote it? From a ridge a little to the west of Albert, overlooking the town and commanding a wide view of the beautiful undulating country, I witnessed the last phase of the bombardment . The French Sixth Army and the right wing of the British Fourth Army inflicted a considerable defeat on the German Second Army, but from the AlbertBapaume road to Gommecourt the British attack was a disaster where most of the c.60,000 British casualties were incurred. Introduction: Overview of the Battle of the Somme. Accounts to determine what happened on the first day of the battleJuly 1 1916. A total of 19,240 British soldiers killed on the first and bloodiest day. He also said that the sun is shining it shows that something good was going to happen. German artillery was organised in a series of Sperrfeuerstreifen (barrage sectors); each officer was expected to know the batteries covering his section of the front line and the batteries ready to engage fleeting targets. . Author's Tone (include 1-2 examples) Did the author . British and French aircraft and long-range guns reached well behind the front line, where trench-digging and other work meant that troops returned to the line exhausted. The Allied preparatory artillery bombardment began on 24 June and the Anglo-French infantry attacked on 1 July, on the south bank from Foucaucourt to the Somme and from the Somme north to Gommecourt, 2mi (3.2km) beyond Serre. The Daily Express along with the Graphic Organizer for the lesson. They will be able to identify when each battle took place and how the significance of new warfare technologies affected both sides of the conflict. Thiepval Ridge was well fortified and the German defenders fought with great determination, while the British co-ordination of infantry and artillery declined after the first day, due to confused fighting in the maze of trenches, dug-outs and shell-craters. [19], Despite considerable debate among German staff officers, Erich von Falkenhayn continued the policy of unyielding defence in 1916. Debate continues over the necessity, significance and effect of the battle. What type of source? A pause in Anglo-French attacks at the end of August, coincided with the largest counter-attack by the German army in the Battle of the Somme. Copy Of The Battle Of The Somme Graphic Organizer The Battle Of The Somme Graphic Organizer Document A Document B Document C Who Wrote It When What Course Hero. The Battle of the Somme Graphic Organizer. Like other English newspapers, it printed daily news and stories on the war. Falkenhayn expected the relief offensive to fall south of Arras against the 6th Army and be destroyed. [72], In 1931, Hermann Wendt published a comparison of German and BritishFrench casualties which showed an average of 30 per cent more Allied casualties than German losses on the Somme. [11]) If such Franco-British defeats were not enough, Germany would attack the remnants of both armies and end the western alliance for good. The Daily Express along with the Graphic Organizer for the lesson. Read the source documents and fill in the graphic organizer. When? Is this source trustworthy? Overview of the battle of the somme. Little Co had the following misvalued/unreported assets and liabilities: 1. Accounts to determine what happened on the first day of the battlejuly 1, 1916. [27], The Fourth Army attacked the German second defensive position from the Somme past Guillemont and Ginchy, north-west along the crest of the ridge to Pozires on the AlbertBapaume road. Introduction: Overview of the Battle of the Somme. The British volunteers were often the fittest, most enthusiastic and best-educated citizens but were inexperienced and it has been claimed that their loss was of lesser military significance than the losses of the remaining peacetime-trained officers and men of the Imperial German Army. The objectives of the attack were the villages of Bazentin le Petit, Bazentin le Grand and Longueval which was adjacent to Delville Wood, with High Wood on the ridge beyond. Learn vocabulary terms and more with flashcards games and other study tools. In 1914, Douglas Haig had been a lieutenant-general in command of I Corps and was promoted to command the First Army in early 1915 and then the BEF in December, which eventually comprised five armies with sixty divisions. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like 1st Battle of the Marne, 2nd Battle of Ypres, Somme and more. [63] Sheffield wrote that the losses were "appalling", with 419,000 British casualties, c.204,000 French and perhaps 600,000 German casualties. World War Graphic Organizer Teaching Resources | TpT 49. On 4 June, Russian armies attacked on a 200mi (320km) front, from the Romanian frontier to Pinsk and eventually advanced 93mi (150km), reaching the foothills of the Carpathian mountains, against German and Austro-Hungarian troops of Armeegruppe von Linsingen and Armeegruppe Archduke Joseph. [62], In a commentary on the debate about Somme casualties, Philpott used Miles's figures of 419,654 British casualties and the French official figures of 154,446 Sixth Army losses and 48,131 Tenth Army casualties. [52] British casualties on the first day were the worst in the history of the British Army, with 57,470 casualties, 19,240 of whom were killed. Use the PowerPoint presentation to provide an overview of the battle as it occurred between July 1, 1916, and November 18, 1916, and to introduce the day's Central Historical Question. What type of source? [57], In the United Kingdom and Newfoundland, the Battle of the Somme became the central memory of World War I. [14] By May, Joffre and Haig had changed their expectations of an offensive on the Somme, from a decisive battle to a hope that it would relieve Verdun and keep German divisions in France, which would assist the Russian armies conducting the Brusilov Offensive. The Battle of the Sommethe largest on the Western Frontstarted on July 1 1916 when British and French forces attacked German lines in Northern. It is not entirely clear what he means by this. On that date Little's book value was $350,000. [57], The destruction of German units in battle was made worse by lack of rest. [35], The Battle of FlersCourcelette was the third and final general offensive mounted by the British Army, which attacked an intermediate line and the German third line to take Morval, Lesboeufs and Gueudecourt, which was combined with a French attack on Frgicourt and Rancourt to encircle Combles and a supporting attack on the south bank of the Somme. a. View the battle of somme graphic organizer.docx from hist misc at oakhaven high school. What was the Battle of Somme. Study with quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like 1st battle of the marne, 2nd battle of ypres, somme and more. When the Fourth Army advance resumed in August, the wisdom of not building light railways which would be left behind was argued by some, in favour of building standard gauge lines. [9] By 31 May, the ambitious Franco-British plan for a decisive victory, had been reduced to a limited offensive to relieve pressure on the French at Verdun and inflict attrition on the German armies in the west. Course Hero is not sponsored or endorsed by any college or university. German defences ringed the British salient at Delville Wood to the north and had observation over the French Sixth Army area to the south towards the Somme river. [26], The Battle of the Somme lasted 141 days beginning with the opening day of the Battle of Albert. Battle of the Somme saw the British Expeditionary Force and the French Army join and attack the Germans. A further retirement to the Hindenburg Line (Siegfriedstellung) in Operation Alberich began on 16 March 1917, despite the new line being unfinished and poorly sited in some places. The situation left the German command doubtful that the army could withstand a resumption of the battle. They did not talk, except for occasionally singing "We're here because we're here" to the tune of Auld Lang Syne. [42] The battle began with another mine being detonated beneath Hawthorn Ridge Redoubt. The French and British had committed themselves to an offensive on the Somme during the Chantilly Conference in December 1915. The defenders on the commanding ground north of the road inflicted a huge defeat on the British infantry, who took an unprecedented number of casualties. The battle of the Somme started on the 1st of July. The Battle Of The Somme Graphic Organizer Key Doc The Battle Of The Somme Graphic Organizer Mason Sweeten 12 15 2020 Who Wrote It When What Type Course Hero, Copy Of Battle Of The Somme Document Analysis Worksheet Pdf The Battle Of The Somme Graphic Organizer Who Wrote It When What Type Of Course Hero, LOT 1-5 TINGKAT 2 MENARA PERBADANAN JALAN TENGKU PETRA SEMERAK 15000 KOTA BHARU KELANTAN KOLEJ VOKASIONAL PASIR MAS BAB 1 PENGENALAN 11 Pengenalan Kepada Latihan Industri On-The Job Training OJT. As preparations for the offensive at Arras continued, the British attempted to keep German attention on the Somme front. Authors tone include 1-2 examples Optimistic He said that the British and the French are strong attack. . The British Legion and others commemorate the battle on 1 July. The Battle of the Somme Graphic Organizer Doc A Doc B Doc C Who wrote it? The generally cheery tone of the article and its optimistic assessment of the. The Battle of the Somme was a definitive campaign of the First World War. Why? Later in the year, the Franco-British were able to attack on the Somme and at Verdun sequentially and the French recovered much of the ground lost on the east bank of the Meuse in October and December. British attacks from Leuze Wood northwards to Ginchy had begun on 3 September, when the 7th Division captured the village and was then forced out by a German counter-attack. Sin categora 11 septiembre 2020 0. The German offensive at Verdun was intended to threaten the capture of the city and induce the French to fight an attrition battle, in which German advantages of terrain and firepower would cause the French disproportionate casualties. Accounts to determine what happened on the first day of the battlejuly 1, 1916. Irvine describing the first day of the Battle of theSomme which appeared in the paper on July 3 1916 This statement alone allows us to knowthat the author of this newspaper article was not there the whole time. In Document A, it states, "Here is anexcerpt written by correspondent John D. Irvine describing the first day of the Battle of theSomme, which appeared in the paper on July 3, 1916." This statement alone allows us to knowthat the author of this newspaper article was not there the whole time. [89][90], The Battle of the Somme has been called the beginning of modern all-arms warfare, during which Kitchener's Army learned to fight the mass-industrial war in which the continental armies had been engaged for two years. December 1916) began a week after Joffre and Haig agreed to mount an offensive on the Somme. It took place between 1 July and 18 November 1916 on both sides of the upper reaches of the river Somme in France. Unprecedented casualties resulted from intense trench warfare and new military technologies. Articles about top 19 the battle of somme graphic organizer hay nht 2022. Who won the first day of the battle of the somme? Hand out Document A. [68] In the first 1916 volume of the British Official History (1932), J. E. Edmonds wrote that comparisons of casualties were inexact, because of different methods of calculation by the belligerents but that British casualties were 419,654, from total British casualties in France in the period of 498,054. This battle started on July 1, 1916 and ended on November 18, 1916. As the photo Phone Corporation acquired 70 percent of Smart Corporation's common stock on December 31, 20X4, for $102,200. [36], The Battle of Morval was an attack by the Fourth Army on Morval, Gueudecourt and Lesboeufs held by the German 1st Army, which had been the final objectives of the Battle of FlersCourcelette (1522 September). Who won the first day of the battle of the somme? Battle of the somme lesson plan central historical question: Irvine describing the first day of the battle of the somme. Overview of the Battle of the Somme. Our pass the sharpshooter has surveyed the terrible spectacle. When? At the end of the battle, British and French forces had penetrated 6mi (10km) into German-occupied territory along the majority of the front, their largest territorial gain since the First Battle of the Marne in 1914. The principal role in the offensive devolved to the British and on 16 June, Haig defined the objectives of the offensive as the relief of pressure on the French at Verdun and the infliction of losses on the Germans. The second position was beyond the range of Allied field artillery, to force an attacker to stop and move field artillery forward before assaulting the position. It was the day that the. A British newspaper article written by a journalist who was at the battle the memoir of a British soldier who fought in the battle and the memoir of a German soldier who. 1st major battle of eastern front. Many casualties were inflicted on the Germans but the French made slower progress. The Battle of the Somme Graphic Organizer Document A Document B Document C Who wrote it? WWI Battle of the Somme Graphic Organizerdocx. The battle of the somme graphic organizer. The great day of battle broke in sunshine and mist. [12] The unexpected length of the Verdun offensive, and the need to replace many drained units at Verdun, depleted the German strategic reserve placed behind the 6th Army, which held the Western Front from Hannescamps, 18km (11mi) south-west of Arras to St Eloi, south of Ypres and reduced the German counter-offensive strategy north of the Somme to one of passive and unyielding defence. German overestimation of the cost of Verdun to the French contributed to the concentration of German infantry and guns on the north bank of the Somme. There is a big difference in tone between Coppard and The Daily. McRandle and Quirk in 2006 cast doubt on the Edmonds calculations but counted 729,000 German casualties on the Western Front from July to December against 631,000 by Churchill, concluding that there had been fewer German losses than Anglo-French casualties but that the ability of the German army to inflict disproportionate losses had been eroded by attrition. From biol misc at bakersfield college. What type of source? [23], Research in German archives revealed in 2016 that the date and location of the British offensive had been betrayed to German interrogators by two politically disgruntled soldiers several weeks in advance. Ringkasan UTS Kenabian 2012doc. [20] On the Somme front, Falkenhayn's construction plan of January 1915 had been completed. South of the Ancre, St. Pierre Division was captured, the outskirts of Grandcourt reached and the Canadian 4th Division captured Regina Trench north of Courcelette, then took Desire Support Trench on 18 November. Contoh Sialan Dan Skema Jawapan Kerajaan Islam Di Madinah Spm Islam Phone Wallpaper Inbox Screenshot ISLAM DI ASIA TENGGARA. The defences were crowded towards the front trench with a regiment having two battalions near the front-trench system and the reserve battalion divided between the Sttzpunktlinie and the second position, all within 2,000 yards (1,800m) of no man's land and most troops within 1,000 yards (910m) of the front line, accommodated in the new deep dugouts. [53][54], British survivors of the battle had gained experience and the BEF learned how to conduct the mass industrial warfare which the continental armies had been fighting since 1914. The great day of battle broke in sunshine and mist. [28], The Battle of Fromelles was a subsidiary attack to support the Fourth Army on the Somme 80km (50mi) to the south, to exploit any weakening of the German defences opposite. Haig was not formally subordinate to Marshal Joseph Joffre but the British played a lesser role on the Western Front and complied with French strategy. In this lesson students analyze and compare three different accounts of the battles first day -- one from a British journalist who paints a rosy picture of the Allied offensive and two. [22] After a five-day artillery bombardment, the British Fourth Army was to capture 27,000 yards (25,000m) of the German first line, from Montauban to Serre and the Third Army was to mount a diversion at Gommecourt. Crown Prince Rupprecht of Bavaria wrote, "What remained of the old first-class peace-trained German infantry had been expended on the battlefield". Several truces were negotiated to recover wounded from no man's land north of the road. After the Battle of Albert the offensive had evolved to the capture of fortified villages, woods, and other terrain that offered observation for artillery fire, jumping-off points for more attacks, and other tactical advantages. Falkenhayn implied after the war that the psychology of German soldiers, shortage of manpower and lack of reserves made the policy inescapable, as the troops necessary to seal off breakthroughs did not exist. The Battle of the Somme took place during the First World War on either side of the river Somme in France. What type of source. Pauses were made from 811 October due to rain and 1318 October to allow time for a methodical bombardment, when it became clear that the German defence had recovered from earlier defeats. [66], Until 1916, transport arrangements for the BEF were based on an assumption that the war of movement would soon resume and make it pointless to build infrastructure, since it would be left behind. The Battle of the Somme officially ended on November 18. This air compressor pump must be installed with a 3 hp electric motor and pulley (both not i Sto Research Lab Scientist . I may be able to reformat the starter kit idea for my classes. Each column has its own source document. [83] The first day of the Battle of the Somme is commemorated in Newfoundland, remembering the "Best of the Best" at 11am on the Sunday nearest to 1 July. . Tanks and machine guns. The Battle of the Somme (French: Bataille de la Somme; German: Schlacht an der Somme), also known as the Somme offensive, was a battle of the First World War fought by the armies of the British Empire and the French Third Republic against the German Empire. Introduction: Overview of the Battle of the Somme. Time Line How the Battle of the Somme unfolded. The battle of the somme graphic organizer. Save the French at Verdun by inflicting such high casualties on the Germans that they'd be forced to pull troops from Verdun and send them to the Somme. The battle of somme graphic organizer who wrote it? What distinguishes a busywork worksheet from something that delivers real value why teaching with worksheets is usually not the best choice for learning the reasons teachers default to worksheet teaching and what other learning experiences would be. On 19 July, von Falkenhayn had judged the British attack to be the anticipated offensive against the 6th Army. Against Joffre's wishes, Haig abandoned the offensive north of the road, to reinforce the success in the south, where the Anglo-French forces pressed forward towards the German second line, preparatory to a general attack on 14 July. A comprehensive system of transport was needed, which required a much greater diversion of personnel and equipment than had been expected.[67]. Not a cloud obscured the sky as the sun appeared above the horizon - in the direction where the German trenches lay. After the end of the Battle of Guillemont, British troops were required to advance to positions which would give observation over the German third position, ready for a general attack in mid-September. Hubungan kemitraan ini di, Susah Kentut Lakukan 3 Tips Ini Biar Perut Cepat Lega, Sejarah Kertas 3 Kerajaan Islam Di Madinah, Cara Nak Mengeluarkan Angin Di Perut Dengan Cepat. The Battle of the Somme was a definitive campaign of the First World War. [58] Despite the strategic predicament of the German army, it survived the battle, withstood the pressure of the Brusilov Offensive and conquered almost all of Romania. Copies of Graphic Organizer Plan of Instruction: 1. [18], The original British Expeditionary Force (BEF) of 6 divisions and the Cavalry Division, had lost most of the British pre-war regulars in the battles of 1914 and 1915. July 1st to November 1916. . [16] Three divisions were ordered from France to the Eastern Front on 9 June and the spoiling attack on the Somme was abandoned. Overview of the battle of the somme. Today a two-minute silence will held to honour those who fought in the Battle of the Somme including the hundreds of. Communication trenches ran back to the reserve line, renamed the second position, which was as well-built and wired as the first position. Use the PowerPoint presentation to provide an overview of the battle as it occurred between July 1, 1916, and November 18, 1916, and to introduce the day's central historical question. [31], The Battle of Pozires began with the capture of the village by the 1st Australian Division (Australian Imperial Force) of the Reserve Army, the only British success in the Allied fiasco of 22/23 July, when a general attack combined with the French further south, degenerated into a series of separate attacks due to communication failures, supply failures and poor weather. During the offensive the Russians inflicted c.1,500,000 losses including c.407,000 prisoners. Here is an excerpt written by reporter John D. Irvine describing the first day of the Battle of the Somme. It was published on July 3, 1916. The Fourth Army took 57,470 casualties, of which 19,240 men were killed. Up to 24 cash back won the first day of the Battle of the Somme. [24][verification needed], After the Autumn Battles (Herbstschlacht) of 1915, a third defensive position another 3,000 yards (1.7mi; 2.7km) back from the Sttzpunktlinie was begun in February 1916 and was almost complete on the Somme front when the battle began. [88] This event was called "Ghost Soldiers". Numerous meetings were held by Joffre, Haig, Foch, General Sir Henry Rawlinson (commander of the British Fourth Army) and Fayolle to co-ordinate joint attacks by the four armies, all of which broke down. [41], The Battle of the Ancre was the last big British operation of the year. [91][92][93], Haig and General Rawlinson have been criticised ever since 1916 for the human cost of the battle and for failing to achieve their territorial objectives. [62][57] Until the 1930s the dominant view of the battle in English-language writing was that the battle was a hard-fought victory against a brave, experienced and well-led opponent. More than three million men fought in the battle, of whom one million were either wounded or killed, making it one of the deadliest battles in all of human history. (20 January 1917)[46], and that half measures were futile, retreating to the Siegfriedstellung was unavoidable. Unprecedented casualties resulted from intense trench warfare and new military technologies. The Battle of the Somme Graphic Organizer Answers - Alani-has 35. Overview of the battle of the somme. This source is his experience as a British soldier Written by Otto Lais in 1935. The 5 W's- British attack with a "barrage"- Gas attack on Somme- battle's . The first day of the battle of the somme has gone down in history as being the day on which the british army suffered the most casualties. At a conference at Cambrai on 5 September, a decision was taken to build a new defensive line well behind the Somme front. a. I want to spend some time looking at this problem from all sides: What distinguishes a "busywork" worksheet from something that delivers real value, why teaching with worksheets is usually not the best choice for learning, the reasons teachers default to worksheet teaching, and what other learning experiences would be better . The German defence of the Ancre began to collapse under British attacks, which on 28 January 1917 caused Rupprecht to urge that the retirement to the Siegfriedstellung (Hindenburg Line) begin. In December 1915, General Sir Douglas Haig replaced Field Marshal Sir John French as Commander-in-Chief of the BEF. The battle became notable for the importance of air power and the first use of the tank in September but these were a product of new technology and proved unreliable. I may be able to reformat the starter kit idea for my classes. The Daily Express along with the Graphic Organizer for the lesson. Use the PowerPoint presentation to provide an overview of the battle as it occurred between July 1, 1916, and November 18, 1916, and to introduce the day's Central Historical Question. When? High losses incurred in holding ground by a policy of no retreat were preferable to higher losses, voluntary withdrawals and the effect of a belief that soldiers had discretion to avoid battle. The great day of battle broke in sunshine and mist. The battle of the somme graphic organizer. The silence was announced during a speech by the prime minister David Cameron who said, "There will be a national two-minute silence on Friday morning. [59], The British and French had advanced about 6mi (9.7km) on the Somme, on a front of 16mi (26km) at a cost of 419,654[61][62][63] to 432,000[64] British and about 200,000 French[61][65] casualties, against 465,181[61] to 500,000[63] or perhaps 600,000 German casualties. The combined attack was also intended to deprive the German defenders further west, near Thiepval of reinforcements, before an attack by the Reserve Army, due on 26 September. [79] Harris wrote that British losses were c.420,000, French casualties were over 200,000 men and German losses were c.500,000, according to the "best" German sources. Authors Tone include 1-2 examples Did the author. . written by reporter John D. Irvine describing the first day of the Battle of the Somme. Was held between Italy and Germany. The battle of the somme graphic organizer who wrote it? The French Sixth Army had 1,590 casualties, and the German 2nd Army had 10,00012,000 losses. Berlaku di Lautan Pasifik Tanah Besar Asia Kepulauan Asia Tenggara. The great day of battle broke in sunshine and mist. California Content Standards: 10.5 Students analyze the causes and course of the . The British experimented with new techniques in gas warfare, machine-gun bombardment and tankinfantry co-operation, as the Germans struggled to withstand the preponderance of men and material fielded by the Anglo-French, despite reorganisation and substantial reinforcements of troops, artillery and aircraft from Verdun. [7], In January 1916, Joffre had agreed to the BEF making its main effort in Flanders but in February 1916 it was decided to mount a combined offensive where the French and British armies met, astride the Somme River in Picardy before the British offensive in Flanders. Answer the Guided Questions on p. It gives you background of the battle of the Somme during 1916 WWI. 2. The Battle of the Somme was one of the most . 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Lack of rest first-class peace-trained German infantry had been expended on the first day of the battle of Somme... Memory of World War on either side of the Somme Graphic Organizer -... 1917 ) [ 46 ], at the start of 1916, most of Somme! In 1916 little Co had the following misvalued/unreported assets and liabilities: 1 be able to reformat starter! The lesson keep German attention on the first day of the Somme Graphic Organizer Answers Alani-has! Generally cheery tone of the Somme started on the wire enemies like fish caught in the net new military.! Keep German attention on the first day of the Somme front and that half measures were futile, to. Not a cloud obscured the sky as the sun is shining it shows that something good was to... Slower progress the road be the anticipated offensive against the 6th Army Phone Corporation acquired 70 percent Smart..., a decision was taken to build a new defensive line well behind the Somme became central! World War like fish caught in the Graphic Organizer Doc a Doc B Doc C wrote! This source is his experience as a British soldier written by reporter John D. Irvine describing the day. Situation left the German command doubtful that the British would mount a hasty relief to... The Daily to be the anticipated offensive against the 6th Army Islam Di Madinah Spm Islam Wallpaper. On p. it gives you background of the Somme was one of the Somme! Were killed little Co had the following misvalued/unreported assets and liabilities: 1 German attention on the position. Somme saw the British and French forces attacked German lines in Northern Hero is not clear! Will held to honour those Who fought in the net patchily trained mass of volunteers pump be. Well behind the Somme Graphic organizer.docx from hist misc at oakhaven high school reaches of the on!: Irvine describing the first day of the Somme college or university cheery tone of the 1... ) began a week after Joffre and Haig agreed to mount an offensive on Somme. Lautan Pasifik Tanah Besar Asia Kepulauan Asia TENGGARA Western Frontstarted on July 1,.! Berlaku Di Lautan Pasifik Tanah Besar Asia Kepulauan Asia TENGGARA was one of the front! S tone ( include 1-2 examples ) Did the author author & # x27 ; s tone ( 1-2! French Sixth Army had 10,00012,000 losses Organizer Who wrote it battle broke in sunshine and....

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